Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

• A. Buspirone
• B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• C. Benzodiazepines
• D. Tricyclic antidepressants

Answer: (B)

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered the first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) due to their efficacy and safety profile. SSRIs work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, a neurotransmitter that has a significant role in regulating mood and anxiety.

Clinical studies have consistently demonstrated that SSRIs, such as sertraline and escitalopram, effectively reduce anxiety symptoms and improve overall functioning in individuals diagnosed with GAD. Their use is preferred over other classes of medications because they have a favorable side effect profile, especially when considering long-term treatment.

In contrast, other treatment options like buspirone may be used for anxiety, but they are not as effective or widely accepted as first-line therapies for GAD. Benzodiazepines can provide rapid relief of anxiety symptoms, but their potential for dependence and adverse effects limits their use in long-term management. Tricyclic antidepressants, while effective for various mood disorders, are generally not the first choice for GAD due to their side effects and the availability of newer, safer options. This makes SSRIs the best choice for treating generalized anxiety disorder.