Which class of medications is primarily used to treat hypertension?

• A. Beta-blockers
• B. Calcium channel blockers
• C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• D. Diuretics

Answer: (C)

The class of medications primarily used to treat hypertension includes Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor. By inhibiting this conversion, ACE inhibitors lead to the relaxation of blood vessels, thereby reducing blood pressure. They also help decrease the workload on the heart and improve blood flow, making them particularly beneficial for patients with hypertension as well as those with heart failure or chronic kidney disease.

While beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics are also important classes in managing hypertension, ACE inhibitors are often recommended as a first-line therapy due to their additional benefits in protecting kidney function and their favorable effects on cardiovascular outcomes. Their mechanism of action is particularly effective in preventing conditions that exacerbate hypertension, such as heart disease, making them a cornerstone in the management of this condition.