Name the class of drugs that includes atenolol and metoprolol.

• A. Alpha-blockers
• B. Beta-blockers
• C. Calcium channel blockers
• D. ACE inhibitors

Answer: (B)

The class of drugs that includes atenolol and metoprolol is beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are a group of medications that primarily block the action of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in various tissues, including the heart. This action leads to a reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, making them effective in treating conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and certain types of arrhythmias.

Atenolol and metoprolol specifically target the beta-1 adrenergic receptors predominantly found in the heart, making them particularly useful for managing cardiovascular conditions. Their ability to decrease cardiac output and reduce myocardial oxygen demand is critical in the management of angina and in preventing complications post-myocardial infarction.

The other classes of drugs listed do not include these medications: alpha-blockers primarily affect alpha-adrenergic receptors and are used to treat hypertension and certain prostate issues; calcium channel blockers inhibit calcium entry into cells, affecting vascular smooth muscle and cardiac conduction; ACE inhibitors work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing blood pressure through vasodilation. This highlights the specific role beta-blockers play in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy.